{
 "_about": "SaneCite economics pilot, 29 Oct 2026. Citations made after retraction to papers Retraction Watch tags (B/T) Business - Economics, retracted 1990-2023, with a DOI, read in PubMed Central full text. Three AI models labelled each citation (pre-registered: PREREG_ECON_PILOT_2026-10-29). Aggregate counts only. AI readings, pending human review. wilson95 = Wilson interval; cluster_boot95 = bootstrap over retracted papers.",
 "judged": 231,
 "papers": 130,
 "pairs_ok": 249,
 "notices": 9,
 "administrative": 9,
 "substantive": {
  "k": 88,
  "n": 231,
  "share": 0.381,
  "wilson95": [
   0.3208,
   0.445
  ],
  "cluster_boot95": [
   0.3086,
   0.455
  ],
  "papers": 130
 },
 "perfunctory": {
  "k": 140,
  "n": 231,
  "share": 0.6061,
  "wilson95": [
   0.5418,
   0.6668
  ],
  "cluster_boot95": [
   0.5273,
   0.6797
  ],
  "papers": 130
 },
 "aware": {
  "k": 3,
  "n": 231,
  "share": 0.013,
  "wilson95": [
   0.0044,
   0.0375
  ],
  "cluster_boot95": [
   0.0,
   0.0293
  ],
  "papers": 130
 },
 "substantive_all_reasons": {
  "k": 90,
  "n": 240,
  "share": 0.375,
  "wilson95": [
   0.3162,
   0.4378
  ],
  "cluster_boot95": [
   0.3049,
   0.4505
  ],
  "papers": 135
 },
 "substantive_band": {
  "strict": {
   "k": 62,
   "n": 231,
   "share": 0.2684,
   "wilson95": [
    0.2154,
    0.329
   ],
   "cluster_boot95": [
    0.203,
    0.3377
   ],
   "papers": 130
  },
  "lenient": {
   "k": 113,
   "n": 231,
   "share": 0.4892,
   "wilson95": [
    0.4254,
    0.5533
   ],
   "cluster_boot95": [
    0.4008,
    0.582
   ],
   "papers": 130
  }
 },
 "concentration": {
  "top1_share": 0.0996,
  "top5_share": 0.2511,
  "papers_with_1_citation": 97
 },
 "substantive_one_per_paper": 0.3849,
 "by_reason": {
  "administrative (no fault found in the science)": {
   "k": 2,
   "n": 9,
   "share": 0.2222,
   "wilson95": [
    0.0632,
    0.5474
   ],
   "cluster_boot95": [
    0.0,
    0.6667
   ],
   "papers": 5
  },
  "error or unreliable results": {
   "k": 30,
   "n": 73,
   "share": 0.411,
   "wilson95": [
    0.3053,
    0.5255
   ],
   "cluster_boot95": [
    0.3077,
    0.5833
   ],
   "papers": 20
  },
  "misconduct, fabrication or duplication": {
   "k": 51,
   "n": 136,
   "share": 0.375,
   "wilson95": [
    0.2981,
    0.4587
   ],
   "cluster_boot95": [
    0.2797,
    0.4809
   ],
   "papers": 90
  },
  "other or unstated": {
   "k": 7,
   "n": 22,
   "share": 0.3182,
   "wilson95": [
    0.1636,
    0.5268
   ],
   "cluster_boot95": [
    0.1429,
    0.5
   ],
   "papers": 20
  }
 }
}